Argumentation research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Argumentation - Research Paper Example This polarity causes huge discussions over the talk of Hip Hop in the general public. Hip Hop utilizes a brutal language that numerous individuals find wrong. In reality, the primary entertainers used to fundamentally utilize verses depicting youthful blacks murdering cops. This savage discourse finds numerous spoilers and causes a lot of discussion in the media and the general public as a rule. In any case, with the new upset, the savage stories moved from executing police officers to slaughtering different blacks. In spite of this adjustment in points of view, the fierce talk is as yet present as specialists portray the killings between dark groups and their excursion in jail cells. Jeffrey Ogbar uncovers that the adjustment in the stories diminishes the negative generalizations of blacks and that the verses speak to a masterful articulation as well as certain real factors (98). Despite the fact that the new Hip Hop unrest doesn't depict any longer the killings of cops, it despite everything portrays another type of savagery. Numerous individuals despite everything discover their language hostile on the grounds that the verses uncover a lot of viciousness paying little mind to what structure it takes. Notwithstanding the savage language regarded stunning for most, the harsh accounts coordinated towards ladies additionally cause a lot of disappointment and create huge discussions. As a matter of fact, Black ladies discover the verses in Hip Hop about them profoundly hostile. This article advises: â€Å"The incalculable negative depictions of Black ladies in hip-jump recordings and tune verses could be ordered on an extremely not insignificant rundown. But then to a few, it’s set aside a long effort to draw in the Black people group in a genuine talk about the more disruptive, disparaging parts of hip-bounce music and culture† (Keels). This indignation produced by these verses makes a profound emergency operating at a profit network since ladies c onsider these to be as for the most part keen on cash yet not in the picture of their locale. Dark ladies seriously condemn the language utilized in Hip Hop that doesn't empower great conduct or even reflect great ethics. The verses about viciousness, medications and sex make these ladies stressed, particularly on the grounds that kids will in general view these specialists as good examples. The creator includes: â€Å"Women express their profound mconcern about the rise of gangsta rap and its verses that outrageously celebrated thuggery, savagery, sedate maltreatment and terrible, belittling mentalities about and activities towards ladies, particularly African-Americans† (Keels). The language used to depict Black ladies makes them extremely baffled as they become the objective of gatherings that disregard their security and their uprightness through exceptionally hostile verses. Moreover, some language utilized in Hip Hop has additionally been found for the most part critica l by both white and individuals of color. For example, the word â€Å"nigger† that mirrors a vey agonizing past described by subjugation and racial isolation was nearly exiled from jargon yet has been restored in Hip Hop language. The utilization of the word in Hip Hop clasps and recordings makes both dissatisfaction and anxiety in networks since it speaks to a token of the past. This article notes: â€Å"The larger part of rappers are African Americans and most white individuals would be astonished to locate the detested word ‘nigger’ utilized so openly. Nonetheless, words that may be wrong for pariahs to utilize are generally utilized by those inside a gathering. So too with

Marketing Plan of Divine Chocolate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Advertising Plan of Divine Chocolate - Essay Example The scientist expresses that with Fair Trade, Divine Chocolate guarantees that ranchers consistently get a superior arrangement for their commitments and that cash contributed for social great in the long run upheld business people, ranchers, and co-agents to get to progressively capital for business.This Fair Trade will make a constructive enthusiasm among clients affecting their purchasing conduct and driving Divine’s benefit. Awesome will go for vital promoting blend in with the emphasis on coordinated showcasing correspondence, serious estimating, online networking advertising, entrance evaluating, division, focusing on and situating procedure. The organization expects that all these promoting systems will enable the organization to accomplish higher showcasing cooperative energy reflected in execution and benefit, prompting 60 percent changes in the absolute turnover and relative gross benefit toward the finish of the principal year. In the UK, the chocolate ice cream par lor advertise has been seeing consistent development of 5% and the pattern is relied upon to proceed till 2016. The UK chocolate advertise has reached almost  £4,000 billion out of 2011, which was a 21 percent expansion over a multi year time span. In view of Mintel’s discoveries, it is accounted for that UK chocolate showcase is relied upon to reach to  £5,059 billion in the most pessimistic scenario or  £5,531 billion out of a best case. The market pattern is plot above. So as to snatch the better cut of this rising showcasing openings, Divine Chocolate has planned on its method of advertising chocolates by concentrating on Fair Trade and moral business. Established in 1993 with the introduction of Kuapa Kokoo which was a spearheading helpful association started by cocoa ranchers in Ghana, Divine guaranteed its clients to bring a tasty Fairtrade chocolate elective. The showcasing plan of Divine includes severe consistence with UK’s food and medication organizat ion rules and EU’s Cocoa and Chocolate Products Regulations of 1993. The activities will have consented to different guidelines, or corrections to past guidelines identified with sanitation, chocolate or confectionary substance, moral necessities and so forth that are winning in the UK.

Argumentative Essay Topics Related to Domestic Violence

Argumentative Essay Topics Related to Domestic ViolenceArgumentative essay topics related to domestic violence can be a challenge. Domestic violence has become a highly controversial topic in recent years. It is hard to write about it without taking a position one way or the other. It is easy to be confused about how to write, so what is a good place to start?First, you should look for example essays on domestic violence that have appeared in print. Look for these in university and community colleges. A few examples are: John Baker's essay 'The Gift of Uniqueness' in the Journal of African American Studies; and Stephanie Coontz's essay 'The God Delusion' in the New York Review of Books. Some examples may include articles that are long-winded and not particularly clear. But they give you a starting point.After you have found a few examples of arguments against domestic violence, read them carefully and think about your own views. While this is not an exact science, it can help you lea rn about how to organize and frame your arguments. Some people prefer to focus on making their arguments look simple and elegant.One of the basic rules for arguing is that it should be clear and precise. Even if you can't really argue that your point is simple, you should at least be able to state it clearly and persuasively. Arguments that are unclear and muddled will only serve to convince your reader that you are either confusing them or that you are not convincing.It is important to make your arguments interesting. The more interesting your subject, the more interesting your argument will be. This means writing about your life, which may be quite different from your opponents'. It also means that you should be able to explain your points in simple terms. Ifyou can't do this, consider rethinking your topic or changing it entirely.Make sure that your argument is relevant to your topic of domestic violence. If your argument is not connected to the actual content of your paper, read ers will not understand it. And if they cannot understand it, you are unlikely to persuade them.Generalize, but avoid overgeneralizing. If you are arguing about the details of an attack, for example, do not claim that all domestic violence is like that. Instead, make general statements such as: 'domestic violence is often used to punish a woman or even to gain control over her.' However, if you are arguing that all domestic violence is like that, you should make a statement such as: 'all domestic violence is generally similar to that.'Argumentative essay topics related to domestic violence can be challenging, but if you follow these rules, you should be able to write on the topic and get it right. Consider using this format in your next argumentative essay.

Margaret Atwoods Short Story Happy Endings Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Erica Davis analysis of Happy Endings can be seen as accurate, especially as it pulls apart each version of a happy ending, showing how Atwood plays with different fictional plots when it comes to tales of romance and the so-called happy endings. Davis shows how each scenario has traces of the original scenario, the one in which a happy ending is all that is evident, yet they are riddled with conflict. She goes on to point out that these five other scenarios merely show filler, or the middle, of what could possibly be the first scenario. Everyone could end up with happily ever after and then they will die. Davis says, These boys and girls then slowly disintegrate until we have nothing left but the same ending, no matter how happy the story was. It all comes down to inevitable death. As both Atwood and Davis point out, the beginnings of these stories are always the best. Nothing has yet to be ruined and the story still has the chance to please the reader. The beginning does not s et up much for the ending, so there is very little insight or foreshadow as to what the middle holds. We will write a custom essay sample on Margaret Atwoods Short Story Happy Endings or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page The plot consists of a chain of events that, while making up the plot, still hold very little importance when it comes down to the ending of any story. Furthermore, she explains how writers really enjoy creating all of the stuff in the middle, even though it all gets to the same place an ending that most writers do not end up writing about death.

Social Stratification - 1589 Words

DISCUSS TO ASSESS THE APPLICABILITY OF THE CONFLICT THEORY IN EXPLAINING STRATIFICATION. ‘Stratification’ is a term used to characterize a structure of inequality where individuals occupy differentiated structural positions and the positions are situated in layers (or strata) that are ranked hierarchically according to broadly recognized standards .( Durlauf 1999) The conflict theory in relation to social stratification argues that stratification,†reflects the distribution of power in society and is therefore a major source of disorder and coercion.†(Stanley 1998 : 227). The conflict theory is an acceptable way of understanding and explaining social stratification however on its own it does not adequately answer all the questions about†¦show more content†¦They usually even move to certain residential areas which can only be afforded by people of their calibre. Likewise those who are getting less rewards probably for doing a less recognised task will begin to segregate themselves from the above described group. They will associated with others with whom they share the same economic overview and challenges with. Already we can see that there is a development of clearly defined classes, which is a major characteristic of social stratification. Furthermore those who are in the privileged economic tend to use their power and influence through media and publicity, educational institutions as well as religious institutions such as churches to instil an attitude and mindset to their inferiors in which the latter begin to accept their low positions and status as natural. Karl Marx called this â€Å"False Consciousness†. (Sonnet and Cobb 1973) The conflict theory attempts to explain social stratification economically. Conflict theorists disregard issues of gender, race and ethnicity and they only focus on the role played by the economy in bringing about social stratification. They reason that stratification is defined by relations concerning possession of the means of production as well as work and labour .The conflict theorists’ beliefs’ include that those at the top of hierarchies are there at the expense of those that at theShow MoreRelatedStratification, Stratification And Social Structure Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesIn our daily social life, when people meeting together whether with a stranger or a friend, they are likely to classify others by a certain category of characteristics consciously or unconsciously. However, making categories not only applies to individual life, also societies have categories, as what the sociologists called stratification. Stratification which divides people according to social structures refers to bigger areas of factor including gender, age, ethnicity, family lineage, economicRead MoreEssay about Social Stratification 1554 Words   |  7 Pagesclass that you are born into will determine the life chances you ultimately have for the rest of your life. Australian society is highly based upon the concept of social stratification which â€Å"refers to the division of the population of a society into strata arranged in a hierarchy† (Aspin, Lois J., 1996: page 39) Sociologists study the social world through paradigms, which are theoretical framew orks such as functionalism and conflict theory. The way that they view society is through these paradigms inRead MoreSocial Stratification1648 Words   |  7 PagesSocial stratification defines any structure of inequality that persists in a society across generations. Social strata are groups of people — who belong to the same social class or have the same social level. Social strata are organised in a vertical hierarchy. In the early societies people shared a common social standing. In the hunting and gathering societies there was little stratification: men hunted for meat while women gathered edible plants. The general welfare of the society depended on theRead MoreSocial Stratification1358 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿SOCIAL SCIENCE 101 (Society and Culture with Population Education) Unit IV. Social Stratification Meaning of Social Stratification When sociologists speak of stratification, they are referring to social inequality and social ranking, thus, stresses the differences among people. Is an institutionalized pattern of inequality in which social categories ranked on the basis of their access to scarce resources. Is the hierarchy arrangement and establishment of social categories that evolveRead MoreSocial Stratification864 Words   |  4 PagesSOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND SOCIAL MOBILITY IN THE CARIBBEAN Presenter Ms. N. Lewis What is social Stratification? ï  ¬ This refers to the ranking of social groups according to one or more criteria deemed important to society. ï  ¬ The ranking indicates that some groups have more and others have less of what society values- for example, money, power and prestige. Types of stratification Systems There are two types of stratification systems: 1. Closed system of stratification 2. Open system of stratificationRead MoreClass Stratification And Social Stratification1485 Words   |  6 PagesQ. ‘Class stratification is no longer relevant in explaining equality in the U.K. today.’ A. Class stratification runs on 3 main points: Power (legal ability, capacity or authority granted on a person/persons), Prestige (a reputation or influence arising from success) and Privilege (a special right or immunity) with these being the root of social stratification it’s easy to see why inequality in universal with the bourgeoisie (the elite 2% of the world) controlling the proletariat (working classRead MoreSocial Stratification : Functional Theory, And Conflict Theory1091 Words   |  5 PagesDoes Social Stratification Have a Functional Purpose in Society Social Stratification is considered to be a hierarchy of positions concerning economic production which influences the social rewards to those in the positions (Social Stratification, Definition Social Stratification, n.d.). There are two commonly known theories when it comes to social stratification, the functional theory, and the conflict theory. The functionalist believes that stratification is needed for society to enhance stabilityRead MoreThe Concept Of Social Stratification893 Words   |  4 PagesThe concept of social stratification is quite complex. It involves categorizing a person into socioeconomic levels based upon one’s profession, wealth, social status, and perceived power. Such a stratification makes up a social hierarchy, which involves placing groups of people in a higher standing than another group, with fewer people being included into the ‘higher’ classes. These concepts were not always apparent, only developing as result of human influence. Using Sumer and Uruk as examples,Read MoreThe Origin of Social Stratification5566 Words   |  23 PagesINTRODUCTION Social stratification is rigid subdivision of society into a hierarchy of layers, differentiated on the basis of power, prestige and wealth. It is the hierarchical arrangement of people in a society. Stratification is common in the animal kingdom on the basis of power and gender and some form of stratification has probably always existed among humans. With the development of food and other surpluses resulting from technological advances in agriculture and manufacturing, some peopleRead MoreSystems of Social Stratification2682 Words   |  11 Pagessystems of social stratification. The main aim of this essay is to compare and contrast these systems as well as indicating their advantages and disadvantages to development. The essay begins with defining the key terms which include comparing, contrasting and development. It further goes on to define as well as explain social stratification itself, the caste, the class and the colour-bar systems respectively. The essay further talks about the advantages and disadvantages of these systems of social stratification

Cause and Effect Analysis Advertising for Blood Donation

Causes and effects of advertising for blood donation Introduction To encourage people to donate blood, there is need to advertise and make people understand the effects of blood donation. Advertising encourages people to donate blood and can also be used as a reminder. Donating blood ensures that there is enough blood in the blood banks, in case of an emergency blood requirement. Showing people that by them donating blood they could be saving a life will encourage people to donate blood more frequently. This paper will analyze the effect of advertising to encourage people to donate blood. The amount of blood donated after an advertisement has been shown to increase, and this goes to show that advertising does work. Advertisements for blood donations have positive and negative effects on the community. The advertisements are in the everyday aspects of the modern society. Though the advertisements are sometimes manipulative, they make use of techniques that are controversial and the adverts appeal psychologically which encourages more blood donation.(Katsaliaki Brailsford, 2007). This paper will show that blood donations are guided by advertisements. Causes of advertising for blood donation There are many reasons of advertising for blood donations. The major cause has been low levels in the blood banks. When blood banks are running low on blood, they need to advertise to increase the blood. Without advertising, the community would not be aware of the need for donatingShow MoreRelatedResearch Report – Young Peoples’ Attitude, Behaviour and Motivation for Blood Donation3244 Words   |  13 PagesYoung peoples’ attitude, behaviour and motivation for blood donation. Table of Contents 1. Introduction 4 2. Literature review 5 3. Research objective 6 4. Methodology 8 5. Results 8 6. Discussion 12 7. Conclusions and Implications 13 8. Limitations and Recommendations 13 Abstract With one in three Australian’s needing blood in their lifetime, but only one in thirty donating, the need for the Australian Red Cross Blood Service to maximise donor recruitment and retentionRead MoreLive Right Wellness Center Is An Idea That Can Help Everyone1925 Words   |  8 Pagesthat was created to solve the problem of obesity and the related health issues that come along with it including diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and osteoarthritis. In Anne Arundel county, 165,000 residents die of coronary heart disease which does not meet the national standard of 103,000 (Shuch, 2015). This makes it the second leading cause of death in the county which could be helped by lower obesity rates. When you walk in the front door of Live Right Wellness Center you will beRead MoreThe Cost of Funding American Public Schools 1495 Words   |  6 Pageswe see daily plastered on everything from cars to public bathrooms and everything in between. In a rebuttal to writer Sean McCollum as it pertains to the pros and cons of corporate sponsorship in public schools, writer Joanna Blythman details one effect that corporate sponsorship can have: Business marketers have wanted to get into schools for decades. Know why? Picture rows and rows of captive students who cant leave, switch channels during the commercial, or drag away the giant machine that plugsRead MoreLevis Versus Lee2534 Words   |  11 Pagesand in-store shops. (www.levistrauss.com, 16/9/05) ADVERTISING AND PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES SALES PROMOTION: This is a piece of sales promotion that Levis is introducing into their stores. What it basically involves is a booth that does a full body scan of the customer and then a print out is produced that outlines the Levis styles that fit the best. These booths are situated in the actual Levis store and can in fact have the effect of drawing consumers in considering there is no otherRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Activities at Infosys Technologies Ltd.3535 Words   |  15 PagesBirla Group, and Indian Oil Corporation, to name a few, have been involved in serving the community ever since their inception. Many other organizations have been doing their part for the society through donations and charity events. Today, CSR in India has gone beyond merely charity and donations, and is approached in a more organized fashion. It has become an integral part of the corporate strategy. Companies have CSR teams that devise specific policies, strategies and goals for their CSR programsRead MoreThe Role of Advertising in Marketing Communications9872 Words   |  40 PagesTHE ROLE OF ADVERTISING IN MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS Marketing communications: Marketing communications are the means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers – directly or indirectly – about the products and brands that they sell. In a sense, marketing communications represent the â€Å"voice† of the brand and are a means by which it can establish a dialogue and build relationships with consumers. Marketing communications perform several functions for consumers. Consumers canRead MoreConstructive Action Essay5974 Words   |  24 PagesMarket Analysis, Planning Promotion The importance of effective market planning and operations. Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........................................................................3 Topic Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4 Short and Long Term Goals...........................................................................................................5 Setting Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 Situation Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreAccounting12656 Words   |  51 PagesChapter 2—The External Environment: Opportunities, Threats, Industry Competition, and Competitor Analysis TRUE/FALSE 1. The health-related concerns in the general environment facing Philip Morris International are part of the physical segment. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 36 OBJ: 02-01 TYPE: comprehension NOT: AACSB: Ethical Legal understanding | Management: Ethical Responsibilities | Dierdorff Rubin: Managing the task environment 2. The external environment facing business stays relativelyRead MoreThe 7 Doors Model for Designing Evaluating Behaviour Change Programs13191 Words   |  53 Pagesathletes have benefited | | | |enormously from improved understanding of nutrition, muscle mechanics, and body | | | |chemistry. Similarly, international political analysis has profited greatly from the | | | |introduction of game theory from mathematics, agriculture from gene research and the | | | |sociology of innovation and, managementRead MoreEssay on Marketing Strategy Report of Panda Restaurant Group3614 Words   |  15 PagesPRG also faces so many challenges caused by diverse cultures and market changes. This research provides marketing strategies for PRG after the analysis of External Environment Trends, Internal Analysis and Consumer Behavior. Key Words: External Environment Trends, Consumer Behavior, Market Segmentation, Target Segment, SWOT analysis, 4P analysis. 1.1 Mission Statement: â€Å"Deliver exceptional Asian dining experiences by building an organization where people are inspired to better their

Case Study Solution for A Blue Sky Strategy Report On Burberry Groups

Question: Describe about A Blue Sky Strategy Report on Burberry? Answer: Introduction Increasing competitive business environment have pushed the organisations towards adapting a strategy, which can help them to sustain in such environment. Today, organisation is trying to identify different types of strategies to fulfill their objectives. Among these strategies, blue sky strategic planning has its own relevance. The core aspect on which this strategy works is that, it emphasizes on the vision of an organisation, but at the same time gives little attention on the details through which the vision will be converted into an actionable plan (Grhan-Canli Maheswaran, 2000, pp.309-317). Focus of this strategic report is to understand the impact of a national brand and its country of origin in context of Burberry. Concept of nation branding is focused towards the examination of the strategic management, value and execution of brands national identity. As an organisation, Burberry was founded in 1856, when its first outerwear garment for sportsmen of Basingstoke was constructed. This, strategic report will analyze the concept of the national branding in context of Burberry as a popular brand in United Kingdom (Peterson Jolibert, 2015, pp.883-900). About Burberry Burberry Groups plc. is an organisation which is one of the top most British luxury fashion house today. As a fashion house, Burberry has engaged in several activities such as distribution of outerwear, fashion accessories, fragrances, sunglasses and cosmetics. One of the most famous product from Burberry is its trench coat. Burberry functions on three models, which are branded stores, franchises, and through concessions in third party stores (Burberry, 2015). Popularity and success of Burberry can be understood by the fact that in 2014, company was ranked 73rd in Best Global Brands report from Interbrand, which further listed it as one of the most valuable brand in the world today. Burberry is also listed on the LSE (London Stock Exchange) since 2014, and is a member of the FTSE 100 index as well. It can be said that Burberry is famous for providing an authentic British heritage it provides through its products. According to organisations strategy, its integrity originates from three important principles of quality, function and contemporary yet classic style. These principles are deep rooted in its integrity. It can be said that Burberry as an organisation has a global reach, where it has presence in all the major economies of the world. Based on its operating model it can be said that, Burberry also has expertise in selling its products through a multichannel mode. In terms of financials, Burberrys finances are displayed in below table: Figure 1: Burberry Facts Financials. Above-mentioned table clearly indicates that how over a period of 6 years (2006-2012), Burberrys revenue and operating income has grown rapidly. For example, in 2006 its revenue was $1190 million USD; however, in 2012 its revenue rose to staggering $3000 million USD, which is more than double of what Burberry, was earning in 2006. In fact, its operating income has also increased significantly from $250 million to $600 million. This substantial growth in the revenue of the organisation the focus of organisation on its performance and improving the productivity over a long period of time (Future Growth Strategies, 2015). In terms of fragmentation in the luxury market of fashion, Burberry has been able to place itself comfortably among its competitors. Below diagram clearly indicates that how Burberry has able to maintain its position of semi-luxury brand, which has something to offer for various segment of the societies in UK. Figure 2: Luxury fashion market research. Source: FT Research Hence, Burberry as a brand has already positioned itself in a place where it can move towards becoming highly premium brand such as Louis Vuitton or becoming a more accessible brand like Ralph Lauren. Ultimately, it all depends on the overall strategy of the brand that it how it grows further not only within United Kingdom, but also at global level (The hypocrisy of Burberry's, 2015). However, in order to fuel the growth of Burberry at international level, an approach of nation branding and country of origin can be applied. Further sections will analyze these two concepts of branding and their application in context of Burberry. What is nation branding? Nation branding is defined as a way in which international public perceives a specific country. This opinion of public from different countries is formed based on the success or failure of the brands/businesses originating from that particular country. Nation branding, has also displayed significant level of impact on the cultural and diplomatic ties between the countries. However, it is important to understand that nation branding cannot be compared to a product branding process. Unlike products, nations cannot be sold. Hence, the process of nation branding cannot be perceived or attempted in a similar fashion like that of product branding. In fact, over a period, several small and large companies that have invested millions of dollars to achieve benefits have practiced nation branding as a concept. In order words, it can be said that nation branding is more about what, exactly a nation can offer to the entire world. For example, United Kingdom is associated with the Jet engine and internet, which it offered to world. In other words, these products and inventions are ways through either which nations have been able to brand themselves explicitly or implicitly (Dinnie, 2010). Hence, nation branding is targeted towards measuring, building, and managing the reputation of countries, in similar way to branding of a place. In this entire exercise, approaches are applied such as focusing on the symbolic values of the products, which in turn provide country distinct characteristics. In this case, example of famous liquor brand Johnny Walker can be considered. Today brand worth of Johnny Walker is estimated to be 3bn GBP, because of which it is considered one of the most valuable whiskey brand in the world today originating from United Kingdom. Today, Johnny Walker is not just a whiskey but is an iconic Scottish brand itself that does not mean that presence of the brand is limited to UK itself; for example, more than 1 million cases of Johnny walker were sold in US, Brazil, and Thailand in 2012. Hence, nation branding as a concept is not only a concept which helps in building the overall image of the nation as a brand, but it also reflects on its exports to the other countries. This phenomenon of nation branding is also known as country of origin effect (COO). It will not be wrong to say that COO or nation branding has significant amount of impact on the perception of the end customer. This can be understood by example China. As a country even though China is famous for its innovative products, but despite of several attempts, China is still considered to be a country which produces maximum number of counterfeit products, due to which credibility of Chinese companies is always under scanner throughout world. Ironically, majority of the electronics companies across world include Apple, uses Chinese manufactured parts, despite of these fact Chinese products still find it hard to remove the infamous tag of hub for duplicate and non-reliable products (Burberry - Iconic British L uxury Brand, 2015). Due to rapid globalization, concept of COO has only intensified, as organisations have realized that COO has major impact on the perception of the customers and it plays a major role in the decision making process. That is why, it is important to understand one basic philosophy, that even though products might be manufactured in factories and workshops, but what consumers buy is the brand. Example of Johnny Walker clearly indicates that how brands can become a face of the nation. That is why organisations irrespective of their size, continue to invest in this direction where they can associate their products with the concept of nation branding (Fan, 2006). Burberry and implementation of COO Now that there is clear understanding of concept of nation branding or COO, and a brief background of Burberry, it is important to formulate a blue-sky strategy report on Burberry w.r.t nation branding. It is important to understand that a blue-sky strategy report is focused more on the vision aspect rather than providing an actionable plan to implement that vision (Han Terpstra, 2011). Before analyzing the overall strategic plan, it is first essential to conduct a situational analysis of Burberry. Currently Burberry has established itself comfortably within the fashion industry and offers range of products to its customer. Range of products, which it offers include, womens wear, menswear, childrens wear, watches and accessories. However, with UK luxury fashion segment dominate by players like Gucci and Prada, Burberry has maintained its focus on the international markets such as US, India, etc. (Brand Finance, 2015). SWOT Analysis of Burberry Strengths Burberry has a strong brand perception not only in UK but also across globe. It is considered a more of a heritage product company. One major strength is its flexibility in product sourcing. Weakness Because of low vertical integration margin and value from manufacturing reduces significantly. Currently Burberry earns its maximum profit from apparel segment, which has seen an increased fashion risk. In developing countries outside UK, Burberry is still considered a highly expensive brand. Opportunities One major opportunity for Burberry lies in its retail network expansion and further increasing the reach of its wholesale distribution. Burberry has an opportunity to further extend its apparel offering in different countries. Market for luxury fashion accessories has been booming, and Burberry has a major opportunity to setup developmental plants in Spain and Japan. Burberry should focus extensively on promoting its international distribution under brand Burberry London. Threats Burberry in its quest to establish itself in international market has been collaborating with third party vendors, which is not a positive situation, as any disruption in relations with third party vendors might affect its international operations. Counterfeit of Burberry products have become a major issue with the organisation. Due to this issue, often customers also buy counterfeit products resulting in bad customer experience, and hampering the overall brand image. Ansoffs Matrix for Burberry A typical Ansoffs matrix is displayed below based on which matrix for Burberry will be derived. Based on the above matrix, following matrix can be designed for Burberry: Figure 3: Burberry's Ansoffs matrix Hence, based on above matrix it can be said that Burberry has not focused much on its diversification aspect. Even though it has a major market penetration through class garments, outwear trench coats etc. but it is yet to diversify its product portfolio especially in international markets. In addition, in its bid to develop the market, it has launched an exclusive childrens wear line in China, which reflects its focus on developing international market for its products (Anholt, 2002). Based on the current analysis of Burberry, and its financial condition it can be clearly said that Burberry has positioned itself in a strategic position in the fashion market. Burberry is one of the iconic fashion brands, which has dominated the luxury fashion segment in the United Kingdom since decades along with other brands such as Gucci, Prada etc. However, with fast saturating market of luxury fashion market and dominance of the brands such as Gucci, Prada, Ralph Lauren etc. Burberry should focus on further diversification and internationalization of its products (Bilkey Nes, 2011). Burberry should take advantage of its rich heritage and history behind its product and should invest significantly in the concept of nation branding. There have been several iconic brands such as Mini Cooper, Johnny Walker etc. that have benefited tremendously from the concept of nation branding. In this era of rapid globalization, consumers are intensively conscious about the brand they use or consume, and when it comes to fashion brand becomes even more relevant. In this regard, nation brand concept can play a significant role in making Burberry a truly global UK brand with a rich history and heritage behind it (Gudjonsson, 2005). Alignment of Burberry with nation branding Burberry has already a well-established presence in the international market. Its iconic-checkered pattern has dominated fashion industry for a long time. However, Burberry should focus on capitalization of these aspects to create itself as a brand synonymous with values and culture of United Kingdom (Grhan-Canli Maheswaran, 2000). In order to create nation brand out of Burberry it is important that Burberry focus on specific aspects mentioned below: Focus on ancient heritage value of Burberry Considering the fact that Burberry was established in 1856, it has a rich historical background behind it. It is important to understand that in concept of nation brand perception of customer is driven by the fact that how old a company is. For example, brands like Johnny Walker etc. have been in existence for at least 100 years now. Burberry should take advantage of this and should associate its ancient background in the promotion (Anholt, 2008). For example, in the promotional campaigns, Burberry can use promotional materials reflecting old advertisements as displayed below: These images as mentioned above in it are iconic representation of Burberry huge heritage. Consumers, who use any luxury fashion product, try to find the origin of the fashion or the brand. That is why there is inclination towards fashion brands, which originate from Italy or France, because these two places are considered hub of the contemporary fashion. Similarly, Burberry should also focus on establishing itself as a brand, which has an ancient origin and has legendary or iconic products like checkered trench etc. that are still a rage in the fashion market. Focus on this aspect by Burberry will also give significant amount of reliability to its accessory line of products as well. For examples over a period, Burberry has been focusing extensively in expanding its fragrance line of products. In this regard, Burberry can relate the concept of nation branding, with its products with tag lines like Fragrance from UKs oldest fashion house etc. Such tactics helps the customer to instantly trust the product and consider the same in the buying decisions (Kaneva, 2011). Tactical promotions of the product Burberry should focus on tactical promotion of its products, where its focus should not be just selling the products, but also making the customers making aware and inquisitive about the brand and country from which it originates. For example, below image can be used as a promotional material for Burberry (Volcic Andrejevic, 2011). Above image has nothing fancied to it, but it still reflects one of the most popular brand identities of Burberry. Check pattern of Burberry has been a rage since it first emerged. Hence, Burberry can utilize this aspect in order to create awareness in the mind of its international products. Hence above image despite of being a simplistic representation of the iconic check pattern scarf, tells a customer about the brand of Burberry and its history (Widler, 2007). Existing situation of Burberry w.r.t COO concept Based on the recent survey conducted by a brand agency related to interaction between COO and brand for luxury products, there was study on four popular brands in field of luxury fashion industry. These brands were Burberry, Ferragamo, Armani, and Chanel. Finding of this study is displayed in the image below, which clearly reflects that Burberry products are mainly purchased due to its brand name, as compared to products like Chanel or Armani, which are not just purchased because of its brand name but also due to its national origin. Thus above diagram reflects the importance of COO for Burberry. Focus on brand equity elements. Concept of COO has a major impact on the brand equity elements such as brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty. This aspect can be understood by the image displayed below: Hence, for Burberry, it is important to focus on the alignment of these brand equity elements with the concept of COO. It is important to understand for Burberry that perception of product, which is made in a country with a stronger product category, has interpretation that is more positive. This can be understood by example of German automobile industry. Companies like Audi or BMW are synonymous to German automobile sector and vice-versa. The product positioning has been so impactful for these companies that they are seen as the representatives of the high quality automobiles being produced by a German company (Hanna Rowley, 2008). In long run, Burberry should focus intensively on creation of a global brand image, which remains in sync with its strategy for nation branding (Dinnie, 2004). Potential issues with the COO based branding strategy for Burberry If there are tremendous benefits, which Burberry can derive from its COO branding strategy, then there are several pitfalls as well which it should try to avoid. For example, majority of the production of garment sold by Burberry is produced out of Britain in Asian and other developing countries. In such situation if Burberry decides to run a campaign such as Made in Britain, etc. then people aware of this fact might term this strategy of Burberry as hypocrisy. Such kind of situation never has a positive impact on the brand image (Peterson, 2015). If Burberry has to establish its distinct British brand image, then it should first focus on bringing its manufacturing units in United Kingdom, or in a situation if bringing entire manufacturing unit to UK is not possible then it can focus on hybrid facility, where some part of the manufacturing is taken care in UK itself. Currently majority of its manufacturing takes place in China, as a result of which even if Burberry is a British brand, it will find difficult to position itself as a luxury fashion brand, just because of the fact that its garment will have made in china label on it. Most importantly, relocating the manufacturing facilities back to UK will not only help the brand to improve its international image but also will help in generating favorable response and support from government as well. In case of manufacturing relocation, the company will also generate number of local jobs, because of which it will be able to support the local community (Anholt, 2008). Co-branding with other events and partners is also an important step towards COO based branding strategy for Burberry. For example, Burberry can collaborate with fashion events across globe and sponsor them prominently as a British brand. Considering the fact that Burberry is a British organisation with product line in luxury fashion items, it will become a logical branding strategy for the organisation, and the organisation will be able to target its potential customer. Secondly, in age of e-commerce and e-business, Burberry should tie-up with either Amazon or eBay in order to sell its products across globe. Considering the fact that e-retailers like Amazon have global presence will help Burberry to increase its global reach. However, it is important for Burberry to promote its brand as hardcore British Brand on every medium whether e-commerce of brick and mortar model. Also, Burberry should focus on intensive promotional campaign in rapidly developing market by organizing events showcasing its products and brand name (Olins, 2002). In markets like Japan from where 60% of Burberrys 109m in licensing income currently comes from, should be given more importance in order to improve the penetration rate. Most importantly, developing countries like India, Brazil etc. should be focused where there is a rising class in society, which is extremely cautious about the brand they wear. Such type of customers are always inclined towards the product which originates from a brand like US or UK due it its past legacy related to various brands. Hence, Burberry can learn from the success of other British brands such as Johnny Walker, or Mini Cooper, in order to position itself (Morgan et al, 2002). Conclusion Based on analysis of Burberry, it can be concluded that nation brand approach is an important strategic move for the organisation, which it can use towards gaining significant advantage over its rival companies. However, it should be aware of various pitfalls that it might encounter as a result of this strategy. Nation branding approach has to be planned first and based on the plan only it should be executed. As evident from above examples and analysis, Burberry should intensively focus on the promotional aspect of its brand, since promotion and marketing is the backbone of the entire strategy. Nation branding concept not only associates the brand with the nations image, but vice-versa scenario is equally true as well, that is why any promotional strategy by Burberry should also consider the image of country, as any negative promotional tactic might create resistance for the brand within country itself. References Anholt, S. 2002. 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